Permanent Employee

「「正社員」という変な制度があるのは日本だけ」「いまだにそれを守っているのは、「家長」の正社員のおじいさんの既得権を守るため」

→解雇規制緩和が一番重要。そして定年制（年齢による差別）の廃止も。６年前の記事なのに。。。

派遣社員をなぜ3年でクビにするの？ https://t.co/r8WCz9mM97

— ノギタ教授🇦🇺 (@Prof_Nogita) September 25, 2021

Retirement age From Wikipedia, 

Definition of 正社員 (せいしゃいん) 

 regular employee, permanent employee, full-time employee 

What are the Employment types in Japan?

Permanent Employee（正社員）

Permanent employment means that the employees work full-time and signed the contract with the company as regular employment.

This employment is beneficial to the employer as it is easier to attract talents and secure employee loyalty with the permanent position. Whereas, the downside is that it is harder to dismiss employees if they do not perform well.

There are various benefits of being a permanent employee such as having secured salaries, opportunities for promotion, insurance coverage (social, employment, etc.), transportation allowances, bonuses, maternity and paternity leave etc.

  Seishain vs "permanent employee"? 

"Seishain" is a cultural term, not a legal one. The legal conditions of your employment will be set forth in your company's rules of employment (and/or your contract). Those conditions may use the term "seishain", or they may not. But what matters most, legally, is whether you are a fixed-term employee or an indefinite-term employee. Other distinctions are possible, but that is the distinction that matters most. Don't fixate on the word "seishain" too much. Its meaning varies from one company to the next. 

  Contractual Employees vs. Permanent Employees: What’s the Difference? June 11, 2021

A permanent employee works for an employer and receives payment directly from them. They work until they are laid off, terminated, retire or resign. A permanent employee may work on a part-time or full-time basis. The Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies part time as one to 34 hours a week and full time as 35 hours or more.

PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY WORKERS

 Australia

Definition:

Permanent worker: Permanent workers are employees with paid leave entitlements in jobs or work

contracts of unlimited duration, including regular workers whose contract last for 12 months and over.

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands,

Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom

Taking account of these different institutional arrangements

the notions "temporary job" and "work contract of limited duration" (likewise "permanent job" and "work

contract of unlimited duration") describe situations which under different institutional frameworks, can be

regarded as similar.

A job may be regarded as temporary if it is understood by both employer and the employee that the

termination of the job is determined by objective conditions such as reaching a certain date, completion of

an assignment or return of another employee who has been temporarily replaced

Canada

Definition:

Permanent worker: A permanent job is one that is expected to last as long as the employee wants it, given

that business conditions permit. There is no pre-determined termination date.

Japan

Definition:

Permanent worker: Persons whose main job is a work contract of unlimited duration or regular workers

whose contract last for 12 months and over.

Norway

Definition:

Permanent worker: Persons whose main job is a permanent job or with a work contract of unlimited

duration. 

日本には「正社員」や定年制度があって、海外ではない・・・・ということではなく、類似の制度はどこでもあるようだね。