Mobilization

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【近刊】森靖夫『「国家総動員」の時代――比較の視座から』
それは軍国主義への道だったのか。日本で模索された民間主体の総動員構想を跡づけて英米との驚くべき重なりを浮き彫りにし、通説を大きく書き換える。

＊書誌情報⇒ https://t.co/WNQnAiN7vf

— 名古屋大学出版会 (@UN_Press) 2019年12月12日

The National Defense Act of 1920 also required the Army to conduct studies and planning for wartime mobilization, rather than waiting for war to be declared to begin planning. This shift to contingency planning and a long-range outlook led to decentralization of the contracting and procurement process, and increased coordination between military leaders and leaders of business and industry

Mobilization in World War II

The modern process of preparing armies for war originated in the middle of the nineteenth century. The recruitment of volunteers to fill the ranks no longer sufficed. Governments turned to conscription, created huge forces, and harnessed their national economies to conduct war. The word mobilization was first used in the 1850s to describe the preparation of the army of Prussia for deployment. The American Civil War marked the appearance in the United States of the draft and mass armies, along with the organization of productive resources to sustain them. The volunteer tradition of the minutemen was on its way to becoming little more than a sacred memory, and the logistical simplicity of the American Revolution was gradually falling by the wayside. The era of mobilization—the reallocation of a nation's resources for the assembly, preparation, and equipping of forces for war—had arrived.

LONG WARS AND INDUSTRIAL MOBILIZATION

Long wars require industrial mobilization, and when strategists and planners think of these things, they think of World War II and all that came with it: conversion of civilian industry to military use, mass production, a long buildup of forces, and, finally, well-equipped, massive armies that overwhelm opponents.

まあ、アメリカも国家総動員して戦争やる気まんまんだったのか、それとも、国家はあり得る戦争に対して、常に準備をしておくべきなのか？