全体主義、権威主義、ファシズム

 

ファシズムの語の濫用の弊害について。または中国で進行している事態を相対化するかのようなリベラルの言説の問題について。 @shadihamid writes: https://t.co/g5Egt5KQX4

— mozu (@mozumozumozu) October 26, 2020

Nazi vs. Fascist: Is There Really A Difference?

Fascism is a system of government led by a dictator who typically rules by forcefully and often violently suppressing opposition and criticism, controlling all industry and commerce, and promoting nationalism and often racism.

Fascism is often considered a form of totalitarianism, in which the government controls almost every aspect of ordinary life. (Some left-wing forms of government, such as forms of communism, are also considered to be totalitarian.) 

Authoritarianism, principle of blind submission to authority, as opposed to individual freedom of thought and action. 

authoritarianism

 

the belief that people must obey completely and not be allowed freedom to act as they wish:

Totalitarianism, Authoritarianism, and Fascism

What Is the Difference?

Totalitarianism is a form of government in which the state’s power is unlimited and controls virtually all aspects of public and private life. This control extends to all political and financial matters as well as the attitudes, morals, and beliefs of the people.

An authoritarian state is characterized by a strong central government that allows people a limited degree of political freedom. However, the political process, as well as all individual freedom, is controlled by the government without any constitutional accountability

In a totalitarian state, the government’s range of control over the people is virtually unlimited. The government controls nearly all aspects of the economy, politics, culture, and society. Education, religion, the arts and sciences, and even morality and reproductive rights are controlled by totalitarian governments.

While all power in an authoritarian government is held by a single dictator or group, the people are allowed a limited degree of political freedom.

Fascism is characterized by the imposition of dictatorial power, government control of industry and commerce, and the forcible suppression of opposition, often at the hands of the military or a secret police force. 

ファシズムってのが、反対勢力を警察や軍隊を使って弾圧して、工業や商業まで支配する政府で、権威主義というのは、政府に国民を服従させる政体であり、国民にはほとんど自由がのこっておらず、全体主義はそれに加えて、国民の公私にわたる生活面まで全面的支配し、国民に絶対服従を強いる政治体制。

かつての中国やいまの北朝鮮は全体主義、今の中国はちょっぴり自由があるので権威主義であろう、と。

全体主義、権威主義に寛容なリベラルってのもなんだかなああ。